Enthusiast Group (AEG)

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Key to Arisaema species of the world

Guy & Liliane Gusman, Eric Gouda, Pim Bongaerts & Joost van Gijn

 

1(0).

Distribution Malesian ... 2 Distribution Indochinese... 12 Distribution Sino-Japanese... 28 Distribution Sino-Himalayan... 68 Distribution East African... 120 Distribution Arabian... 127 Distribution North American... 129 Distribution South Indian... 132

2(1).

Inflorescence spadix included in or slightly exserted from tube ... 3 Inflorescence spadix protruding but not exceeding spathe... 8 Inflorescence spadix longer than spathe... 9

3(2).

Shoot leaf trifoliolate ... 4 Shoot leaf pedate... Arisaema scortechinii Shoot leaf radiate... Arisaema polyphyllum

4(3).

Plant penducle shorter than ... 5 Plant penducle nearly the size of... 6

5(4).

Shoot 1 leaf at most; inflorescence appendage extremity filiform; inflorescence limb does not have dark coloured transverse cross-band ... Arisaema microspadix Shoot more than 1 leave; inflorescence appendage extremity thin and 1-2 mm across; inflorescence limb has dark coloured transverse cross-band... Arisaema ramulosum

6(4).

Shoot 1 leaf at most; inflorescence appendage extremity thin and 1-2 mm across ... Arisaema barbatum Shoot more than 1 leave; inflorescence appendage extremity filiform... 7

7(6).

Inflorescence limb has dark coloured transverse cross-band ... Arisaema laminatum Inflorescence limb does not have dark coloured transverse cross-band... Arisaema laminatum var. inclusum, Arisaema roxburghii

8(2).

Leaflets 3 at most; inflorescence appendage extremity is even; plant aseasonal and evergreen (section Anomala) ... Arisaema anomalum Leaflets 5 at most; inflorescence appendage extremity bears capillary filaments; plant seasonally dormant and deciduous... Arisaema chumponense

9(2).

Plant penducle shorter than ... Arisaema filiforme Plant penducle nearly the size of... 10 Plant penducle longer than... 11

10(9).

Leaflets 3 at most; inflorescence appendage extremity is even; inflorescence tube mouth-margins widely recurved or auriculate; inflorescence limb spotted ... Arisaema umbrinum Leaflets 5 at most; inflorescence appendage extremity bears capillary filaments; inflorescence tube mouth-margins straight or slightly recurved; inflorescence limb plain/longitudinally striped... Arisaema ornatum

11(9).

Shoot 1 leaf at most; shoot leaf pedate; inflorescence tube mouth-margins widely recurved or auriculate; inflorescence appendage extremity is even ... Arisaema wrayi Shoot more than 1 leave; shoot leaf trifoliolate; inflorescence tube mouth-margins straight or slightly recurved; inflorescence appendage extremity bears capillary filaments... Arisaema fimbriatum

12(1).

Shoot leaf trifoliolate ... 13 Shoot leaf pedate... 15 Shoot leaf radiate... 26

13(12).

Plant penducle shorter than ... 14 Plant penducle nearly the size of... Arisaema sp. ‘Sin Ho’

14(13).

Inflorescence appendage glabrous ... Arisaema prazeri Inflorescence appendage bears neuters or bristles... Arisaema album

15(12).

Inflorescence appendage extremity is even ... 16 Inflorescence appendage extremity is knobbly/dentate... 21 Inflorescence appendage extremity is echinate... Arisaema rhizomatum Inflorescence appendage extremity bears short bristles... 22 Inflorescence appendage extremity bears capillary filaments... 23

16(15).

Inflorescence appendage glabrous ... 17 Inflorescence appendage bears neuters or bristles... 20

17(16).

Shoot size of the petiole or longer; leaflets 5 at most ... 18 Shoot inconspicuous to much shorter than petiole; leaflets 3 at most... 19

18(17).

Leaflets terminated; inflorescence appendage basis conical; inflorescence appendage extremity thin and 1-2 mm across; inflorescence appendage subulate ... Arisaema sp. Sapa Leaflets not terminated; inflorescence appendage basis cylindrical; inflorescence appendage extremity thicker than 1-2mm; inflorescence appendage apically clavate or cylindric... Arisaema rhizomatum

19(17).

Shoot pseudostem; plant seasonally dormant and deciduous ... Arisaema petiolulatum Shoot petiole and peduncle wrapped in separate cataphylls; plant aseasonal and evergreen (section Anomala)... Arisaema bannaense

20(16).

Plant penducle shorter than; inflorescence appendage extremity thin and 1-2 mm across; inflorescence limb at the base has large white spot; inflorescence anthers (sub)sessile ... Arisaema inkiangense Plant penducle longer than; inflorescence appendage extremity thicker than 1-2mm; inflorescence limb at the base does not have large white spot; inflorescence anthers stalked... Arisaema garrettii

21(15).

Leaflets 3 at most; plant aseasonal and evergreen (section Anomala); shoot petiole and peduncle wrapped in separate cataphylls; inflorescence appendage basis cylindrical ... Arisaema bannaense Leaflets more than 5; plant seasonally dormant and deciduous; shoot pseudostem; inflorescence appendage basis conical... Arisaema decipiens

22(15).

Plant penducle shorter than; shoot petiole and peduncle wrapped in separate cataphylls; shoot inconspicuous to much shorter than petiole; shoot 1 leaf at most ... Arisaema pingbianense Plant penducle nearly the size of; shoot pseudostem; shoot size of the petiole or longer; shoot more than 1 leave... Arisaema calcareum

23(15).

Plant penducle shorter than ... 24 Plant penducle nearly the size of... Arisaema petelotii Plant penducle longer than... 25

24(23).

Leaflets 3 at most; inflorescence tube mouth-margins widely recurved or auriculate; inflorescence spadices bisexual; inflorescence stigma penicillate ... Arisaema omkoiense Leaflets 5 at most; inflorescence tube mouth-margins straight or slightly recurved; inflorescence spadices female only; inflorescence stigma capitate... Arisaema setosum

25(23).

Shoot pseudostem; shoot size of the petiole or longer; shoot more than 1 leave; inflorescence tube mouth-margins straight or slightly recurved ... Arisaema victoriae Shoot petiole and peduncle wrapped in separate cataphylls; shoot inconspicuous to much shorter than petiole; shoot 1 leaf at most; inflorescence tube mouth-margins widely recurved or auriculate... Arisaema balansae

26(12).

Inflorescence spadix included in or slightly exserted from tube; plant fruit peduncle nodding; tuber non-stoloniferous; shoot size of the petiole or longer ... 27 Inflorescence spadix protruding but not exceeding spathe; plant fruit peduncle erect; tuber stoloniferous; shoot inconspicuous to much shorter than petiole... Arisaema kerrii

27(26).

Shoot 1 leaf at most; inflorescence tube mouth-margins straight or slightly recurved; inflorescence appendage extremity is knobbly/dentate ... Arisaema sukotaiense Shoot more than 1 leave; inflorescence tube mouth-margins widely recurved or auriculate; inflorescence appendage extremity is even... Arisaema consanguineum

28(1).

Plant germination with aerial blade, simple ... 29 Plant germination with aerial blade, compound... 47 Plant germination with protocorm only, and no aerial blade... 64

29(28).

Shoot leaf trifoliolate ... 30 Shoot leaf pedate... 32 Shoot leaf radiate... 45

30(29).

Plant penducle shorter than; tuber phyllotaxis spirodistichous; inflorescence tube mouth-margins widely recurved or auriculate; inflorescence spadix included in or slightly exserted from tube ... 31 Plant penducle nearly the size of; tuber phyllotaxis quincuncial; inflorescence tube mouth-margins straight or slightly recurved; inflorescence spadix protruding but not exceeding spathe... Arisaema penicillatum

31(30).

Plant inflorescence emerges well before the foliage; tuber stoloniferous; shoot size of the petiole or longer; inflorescence limb not fornicate or galeate ... Arisaema ternatipartitum Plant inflorescence emerges with the foliage; tuber non-stoloniferous; shoot inconspicuous to much shorter than petiole; inflorescence limb fornicate or galeate... Arisaema ringens

32(29).

Plant penducle shorter than ... 33 Plant penducle nearly the size of... 43 Plant penducle longer than... Arisaema limbatum

33(32).

Tuber phyllotaxis quincuncial; inflorescence appendage (sub)sessile ... 34 Tuber phyllotaxis spirodistichous; inflorescence appendage stipitate... 37

34(33).

Plant central leaflet turned upwards ... 35 Plant central leaflet turned downwards... Arisaema kiushianum

35(34).

Inflorescence appendage glabrous ... Arisaema cordatum Inflorescence appendage bears neuters or bristles... 36

36(35).

Inflorescence spadix included in or slightly exserted from tube ... Arisaema heterocephalum Inflorescence spadix protruding but not exceeding spathe... Arisaema ilanense

37(33).

Leaflets central leaflet as long as or longer than ... 38 Leaflets central leaflet shorter than... 41

38(37).

Leaflets 5 at most ... 39 Leaflets more than 5... 40

39(38).

Plant inflorescence emerges well before the foliage; shoot size of the petiole or longer ... Arisaema aprile Plant inflorescence emerges with the foliage; shoot inconspicuous to much shorter than petiole... Arisaema amurense

40(38).

Shoot 1 leaf at most ... Arisaema ishizuchiense subsp. brevicollum Shoot more than 1 leave... Arisaema nikoense, Arisaema sachalinense

41(37).

Plant inflorescence emerges well before the foliage ... Arisaema undulatifolium Plant inflorescence emerges with the foliage... 42

42(41).

Shoot size of the petiole or longer; shoot 1 leaf at most; leaflets more than 5; leaflets central leaflet petiolulate ... Arisaema ovale Shoot inconspicuous to much shorter than petiole; shoot more than 1 leave; leaflets 5 at most; leaflets central leaflet (sub)sessile... Arisaema longipedun-culatum

43(32).

Leaflets 5 at most ... 44 Leaflets more than 5... Arisaema minamitanii

44(43).

Shoot 1 leaf at most; inflorescence limb at the base does not have large white spot; inflorescence spadices female only; inflorescence spadix included in or slightly exserted from tube ... Arisaema ishizuchiense Shoot more than 1 leave; inflorescence limb at the base has large white spot; inflorescence spadices bisexual; inflorescence spadix protruding but not exceeding spathe... Arisaema grapsospadix

45(29).

Shoot size of the petiole or longer; shoot more than 1 leave; inflorescence appendage extremity is even; plant central leaflet turned upwards ... 46 Shoot inconspicuous to much shorter than petiole; shoot 1 leaf at most; inflorescence appendage extremity is spongy; plant central leaflet turned downwards... Arisaema taiwanense

46(45).

Leaflets terminated; inflorescence tube mouth-margins widely recurved or auriculate; inflorescence limb expanded, sometimes with conspicuous flaps; inflorescence spadix included in or slightly exserted from tube ... Arisaema consanguineum Leaflets not terminated; inflorescence tube mouth-margins straight or slightly recurved; inflorescence limb slightly broader than tube; inflorescence spadix protruding but not exceeding spathe... Arisaema formosanum

47(28).

Shoot 1 leaf at most ... 48 Shoot more than 1 leave... 53

48(47).

Inflorescence limb ends in filiform head ... 49 Inflorescence limb does not end in filiform head... 50

49(48).

Plant penducle shorter than ... Arisaema maximowiczii Plant penducle nearly the size of... Arisaema cucullatum Plant penducle longer than... Arisaema heterophyllum

50(48).

Shoot size of the petiole or longer ... 51 Shoot inconspicuous to much shorter than petiole... Arisaema sazensoo

51(50).

Leaflets central leaflet as long as or longer than ... Arisaema kuratae, Arisaema iyoanum, Arisaema serratum Leaflets central leaflet shorter than... 52

52(51).

Leaflets central leaflet petiolulate; inflorescence limb has dark coloured transverse cross-band; inflorescence appendage extremity is knobbly/dentate ... Arisaema monophyllum Leaflets central leaflet (sub)sessile; inflorescence limb does not have dark coloured transverse cross-band; inflorescence appendage extremity is even... Arisaema seppikoense

53(47).

Inflorescence appendage extremity is even ... 54 Inflorescence appendage extremity is knobbly/dentate... 60 Inflorescence appendage extremity is spongy... Arisaema negishii Inflorescence appendage extremity is echinate... Arisaema negishii Inflorescence appendage extremity bears short bristles... 62 Inflorescence appendage extremity bears capillary filaments... Arisaema negishii

54(53).

Inflorescence appendage stipitate; tuber phyllotaxis spirodistichous; inflorescence appendage glabrous ... 55 Inflorescence appendage (sub)sessile; tuber phyllotaxis quincuncial; inflorescence appendage bears neuters or bristles... 58

55(54).

Leaflets central leaflet petiolulate ... 56 Leaflets central leaflet (sub)sessile... 57

56(55).

Inflorescence limb at the base has large white spot; inflorescence appendage extremity thin and 1-2 mm across; inflorescence limb partially to totally translucent ... Arisaema tashiroi Inflorescence limb at the base does not have large white spot; inflorescence appendage extremity thicker than 1-2mm; inflorescence limb opaque... Arisaema engleri, Arisaema serratum, Arisaema yamatense

57(55).

Leaflets 5 at most; inflorescence limb does not end in filiform head; plant inflorescence emerges with the foliage ... Arisaema sikokianum Leaflets more than 5; inflorescence limb ends in filiform head; plant inflorescence emerges well before the foliage... Arisaema kishidae

58(54).

Plant central leaflet turned upwards; leaflets central leaflet as long as or longer than ... 59 Plant central leaflet turned downwards; leaflets central leaflet shorter than... Arisaema negishii

59(58).

Inflorescence spadix included in or slightly exserted from tube ... Arisaema heterocephalum Inflorescence spadix protruding but not exceeding spathe... Arisaema ilanense

60(53).

Plant inflorescence emerges with the foliage ... 61 Plant inflorescence emerges well after the foliage... Arisaema abei

61(60).

Tuber phyllotaxis quincuncial; leaflets central leaflet shorter than; inflorescence appendage (sub)sessile; inflorescence appendage bears neuters or bristles ... Arisaema negishii Tuber phyllotaxis spirodistichous; leaflets central leaflet as long as or longer than; inflorescence appendage stipitate; inflorescence appendage glabrous... Arisaema tosaense

62(53).

Shoot leaf trifoliolate ... Arisaema penicillatum Shoot leaf pedate... 63

63(62).

Plant penducle shorter than; leaflets more than 5; inflorescence spadices female only; plant seasonally dormant and deciduous ... Arisaema negishii Plant penducle nearly the size of; leaflets 5 at most; inflorescence spadices bisexual; plant aseasonal and evergreen (section Anomala)... Arisaema grapsospadix

64(28).

Inflorescence appendage glabrous ... 65 Inflorescence appendage bears neuters or bristles... 66

65(64).

Inflorescence appendage in the tube smooth ... Arisaema thunbergii subsp. Urashima, Arisaema thunbergii subsp. autumnale Inflorescence appendage in the tube rugose... Arisaema thunbergii subsp. thunbergii

66(64).

Inflorescence appendage extremity filiform ... Arisaema penicillatum Inflorescence appendage extremity thin and 1-2 mm across... Arisaema grapsospadix Inflorescence appendage extremity thicker than 1-2mm... 67

67(66).

Inflorescence spadix included in or slightly exserted from tube ... Arisaema heterocephalum Inflorescence spadix protruding but not exceeding spathe... Arisaema ilanense

68(1).

Shoot leaf trifoliolate ... 69 Shoot leaf pedate... 95 Shoot leaf radiate... 110

69(68).

Inflorescence lamellae inside spathe ... 70 Inflorescence lamellae absent or outside spathe... 87

70(69).

Tuber underground stem elongated ... 71 Tuber underground stem subglobose... 74 Tuber underground stem saucer-shaped... 82

71(70).

Inflorescence limb slightly broader than tube; inflorescence limb fornicate or galeate; inflorescence appendage in the tube rugose ... 72 Inflorescence limb expanded, sometimes with conspicuous flaps; inflorescence limb not fornicate or galeate; inflorescence appendage in the tube smooth... 73

72(71).

Inflorescence tube inner surface smooth ... Arisaema speciosum var. mirabile Inflorescence tube inner surface ribbed/lamellate... Arisaema speciosum ‘Ziro’

73(71).

Inflorescence limb partially to totally reticulate; inflorescence limb extremity obtuse or truncate; inflorescence appendage above fertile part (sub)truncate ... Arisaema dahaiense Inflorescence limb not reticulate; inflorescence limb extremity acuminate or acute; inflorescence appendage above fertile part not (sub)truncate... Arisaema speciosum

74(70).

Inflorescence appendage above fertile part (sub)truncate ... 75 Inflorescence appendage above fertile part not (sub)truncate... 78

75(74).

Inflorescence limb fornicate or galeate ... 76 Inflorescence limb not fornicate or galeate... 77

76(75).

Shoot 1 leaf at most; leaflets central leaflet petiolulate; leaflets lateral leaflets all petiolulate; inflorescence tube inner surface smooth ... Arisaema galeatum Shoot more than 1 leave; leaflets central leaflet (sub)sessile; leaflets lateral leaflets sometimes (sub)sessile; inflorescence tube inner surface ribbed/lamellate... Arisaema ostiolatum

77(75).

Inflorescence limb slightly broader than tube; inflorescence limb not reticulate; inflorescence limb extremity acuminate or acute ... Arisaema costatum Inflorescence limb expanded, sometimes with conspicuous flaps; inflorescence limb partially to totally reticulate; inflorescence limb extremity obtuse or truncate... Arisaema vexillatum

78(74).

Shoot 1 leaf at most ... 79 Shoot more than 1 leave... 81

79(78).

Leaflets central leaflet petiolulate; leaflets lateral leaflets all petiolulate; inflorescence limb expanded, sometimes with conspicuous flaps ... Arisaema lingyunense Leaflets central leaflet (sub)sessile; leaflets lateral leaflets sometimes (sub)sessile; inflorescence limb slightly broader than tube... 80

80(79).

Inflorescence limb fornicate or galeate; inflorescence limb not reticulate ... Arisaema pianmaense Inflorescence limb not fornicate or galeate; inflorescence limb partially to totally reticulate... Arisaema tengtsungense

81(78).

Inflorescence tube inner surface smooth; shoot petiole and peduncle smooth ... Arisaema intermedium Inflorescence tube inner surface ribbed/lamellate; shoot petiole and peduncle rugose with asperities or verrucosities... Arisaema propinquum

82(70).

Shoot 1 leaf at most ... 83 Shoot more than 1 leave... 85

83(82).

Inflorescence appendage above fertile part (sub)truncate ... Arisaema wilsonii, Arisaema dilatatum Inflorescence appendage above fertile part not (sub)truncate... 84

84(83).

Inflorescence appendage in the tube smooth ... Arisaema elephas Inflorescence appendage in the tube rugose... Arisaema elephas var. handelii

85(82).

Plant germination with aerial blade, simple; inflorescence limb expanded, sometimes with conspicuous flaps; inflorescence appendage extremity filiform; inflorescence limb partially to totally reticulate ... 86 Plant germination with protocorm only, and no aerial blade; inflorescence limb slightly broader than tube; inflorescence appendage extremity thicker than 1-2mm; inflorescence limb not reticulate... Arisaema asperatum

86(85).

Infructescence receptacle whitish ... Arisaema utile Infructescence receptacle purple... Arisaema griffithii

87(69).

Plant inflorescence emerges well before the foliage ... 88 Plant inflorescence emerges with the foliage... 90 Plant inflorescence emerges well after the foliage... 92 Plant inflorescence emerges independently... Arisaema lobatum

88(87).

Tuber phyllotaxis quincuncial; inflorescence spadix protruding but not exceeding spathe ... 89 Tuber phyllotaxis spirodistichous; inflorescence spadix included in or slightly exserted from tube... Arisaema lobatum

89(88).

Inflorescence appendage extremity thin and 1-2 mm across ... Arisaema lichiangense Inflorescence appendage extremity thicker than 1-2mm... Arisaema candidissimum

90(87).

Inflorescence spadix included in or slightly exserted from tube ... 91 Inflorescence spadix protruding but not exceeding spathe... Arisaema franchetianum

91(90).

Tuber phyllotaxis quincuncial ... Arisaema fargesii Tuber phyllotaxis spirodistichous... Arisaema lobatum

92(87).

Tuber phyllotaxis quincuncial; inflorescence appendage (sub)sessile ... 93 Tuber phyllotaxis spirodistichous; inflorescence appendage stipitate... Arisaema lobatum

93(92).

Plant penducle nearly the size of ... 94 Plant penducle longer than... Arisaema bathycoleum

94(93).

Shoot size of the petiole or longer; shoot 1 leaf at most; inflorescence spadices female only; plant appendage bent forward ... Arisaema yunnanense Shoot inconspicuous to much shorter than petiole; shoot more than 1 leave; inflorescence spadices bisexual; plant appendage S-shaped... Arisaema odoratum

95(68).

Inflorescence appendage glabrous ... 96 Inflorescence appendage bears neuters or bristles... 103

96(95).

Inflorescence stamen two anthers on one stamen ... 97 Inflorescence stamen fused stamens... 98

97(96).

Plant penducle nearly the size of; plant fruit peduncle nodding; inflorescence limb spotted; plant inflorescence emerges with the foliage ... Arisaema flavum subsp. abbreviatum Plant penducle longer than; plant fruit peduncle erect; inflorescence limb plain/longitudinally striped; plant inflorescence emerges well before the foliage... Arisaema flavum subsp. tibeticum

98(96).

Inflorescence appendage stipitate ... 99 Inflorescence appendage (sub)sessile... 100

99(98).

Shoot size of the petiole or longer; leaflets 5 at most; leaflets not terminated; inflorescence appendage basis cylindrical ... Arisaema rhizomatum Shoot inconspicuous to much shorter than petiole; leaflets more than 5; leaflets terminated; inflorescence appendage basis conical... Arisaema decipiens

100(98).

Tuber non-stoloniferous ... 101 Tuber stoloniferous... Arisaema omeiense, Arisaema auriculatum

101(100).

Shoot 1 leaf at most; leaflets 5 at most ... Arisaema yunnanense var. aridum Shoot more than 1 leave; leaflets more than 5... 102

102(101).

Plant germination with aerial blade, simple; inflorescence spadices female only; plant inflorescence emerges well after the foliage; plant penducle shorter than ... Arisaema saxatile Plant germination with aerial blade, compound; inflorescence spadices bisexual; plant inflorescence emerges with the foliage; plant penducle nearly the size of... Arisaema tortuosum

103(95).

Leaflets 3 at most ... 104 Leaflets 5 at most... Arisaema nepenthoides Leaflets more than 5... 105

104(103).

Inflorescence appendage stipitate ... Arisaema wattii Inflorescence appendage (sub)sessile... Arisaema jinshajiangense

105(103).

Shoot 1 leaf at most ... 106 Shoot more than 1 leave... 108

106(105).

Plant germination with aerial blade, simple; inflorescence appendage stipitate ... Arisaema shimienense, Arisaema meleagris Plant germination with aerial blade, compound; inflorescence appendage (sub)sessile... 107

107(106).

Plant inflorescence emerges with the foliage; inflorescence spadices bisexual ... Arisaema heterophyllum Plant inflorescence emerges well after the foliage; inflorescence spadices female only... Arisaema heterophyllum ‘Baguo’

108(105).

Inflorescence spadix included in or slightly exserted from tube; inflorescence appendage extremity thicker than 1-2mm ... 109 Inflorescence spadix protruding but not exceeding spathe; inflorescence appendage extremity thin and 1-2 mm across... Arisaema hunanense

109(108).

Inflorescence appendage extremity is even ... Arisaema du-bois-reymondiae Inflorescence appendage extremity is knobbly/dentate... Arisaema clavatum

110(68).

Inflorescence appendage glabrous ... 111 Inflorescence appendage bears neuters or bristles... 116

111(110).

Inflorescence spadix included in or slightly exserted from tube ... 112 Inflorescence spadix protruding but not exceeding spathe... 114 Inflorescence spadix longer than spathe... Arisaema jacquemontii

112(111).

Tuber phyllotaxis quincuncial; leaflets 5 at most; leaflets symmetry not wheel-like ... Arisaema wardii Tuber phyllotaxis spirodistichous; leaflets more than 5; leaflets symmetry wheel-like... 113

113(112).

Shoot 1 leaf at most; plant germination with aerial blade, simple; inflorescence tube mouth-margins widely recurved or auriculate; inflorescence limb expanded, sometimes with conspicuous flaps ... Arisaema erubescens Shoot more than 1 leave; plant germination with aerial blade, compound; inflorescence tube mouth-margins straight or slightly recurved; inflorescence limb slightly broader than tube... Arisaema exappendiculatum

114(111).

Leaflets 5 at most; inflorescence tube mouth-margins widely recurved or auriculate; inflorescence limb spotted; inflorescence limb does not end in filiform head ... Arisaema hungyaense Leaflets more than 5; inflorescence tube mouth-margins straight or slightly recurved; inflorescence limb plain/longitudinally striped; inflorescence limb ends in filiform head... 115

115(114).

Plant penducle shorter than; leaflets terminated; leaflets central leaflet petiolulate; leaflets lateral leaflets all petiolulate ... Arisaema souliei Plant penducle nearly the size of; leaflets not terminated; leaflets central leaflet (sub)sessile; leaflets lateral leaflets sometimes (sub)sessile... Arisaema jacquemontii

116(110).

Inflorescence appendage extremity is even ... 117 Inflorescence appendage extremity is knobbly/dentate... 119 Inflorescence appendage extremity is echinate... Arisaema echinatum

117(116).

Plant fruit peduncle nodding; shoot more than 1 leave; plant germination with aerial blade, simple; inflorescence tube mouth-margins widely recurved or auriculate ... 118 Plant fruit peduncle erect; shoot 1 leaf at most; plant germination with aerial blade, compound; inflorescence tube mouth-margins straight or slightly recurved... Arisaema fraternum

118(117).

Tuber non-stoloniferous ... Arisaema consanguineum Tuber stoloniferous... Arisaema ciliatum var. liubaense

119(116).

Plant fruit peduncle nodding; shoot 1 leaf at most; plant germination with aerial blade, simple; inflorescence tube mouth-margins widely recurved or auriculate ... Arisaema ciliatum Plant fruit peduncle erect; shoot more than 1 leave; plant germination with aerial blade, compound; inflorescence tube mouth-margins straight or slightly recurved... Arisaema concinnum

120(1).

Inflorescence appendage glabrous ... 121 Inflorescence appendage bears neuters or bristles... 125

121(120).

Tuber phyllotaxis quincuncial; shoot leaf pedate; Inflorescence stamen two anthers on one stamen; inflorescence appendage extremity is knobbly/dentate ... Arisaema flavum subsp. flavum Tuber phyllotaxis spirodistichous; shoot leaf radiate; Inflorescence stamen fused stamens; inflorescence appendage extremity is even... 122

122(121).

Leaflets terminated ... 123 Leaflets not terminated... 124

123(122).

Shoot size of the petiole or longer ... Arisaema ulugurense Shoot inconspicuous to much shorter than petiole... Arisaema mooneyanum

124(122).

Inflorescence tube mouth-margins straight or slightly recurved; inflorescence limb ends in filiform head; inflorescence tube not constricted ... Arisaema schimperianum Inflorescence tube mouth-margins widely recurved or auriculate; inflorescence limb does not end in filiform head; inflorescence tube constricted... Arisaema enneaphyllum

125(120).

Tuber phyllotaxis quincuncial; shoot more than 1 leave; shoot leaf pedate; inflorescence appendage extremity is even ... 126 Tuber phyllotaxis spirodistichous; shoot 1 leaf at most; shoot leaf radiate; inflorescence appendage extremity is knobbly/dentate... Arisaema constrictum

126(125).

Leaflets terminated ... Arisaema mildbraedii Leaflets not terminated... Arisaema ruwenzoricum

127(1).

Shoot leaf pedate; tuber phyllotaxis quincuncial; Inflorescence stamen two anthers on one stamen ... 128 Shoot leaf radiate; tuber phyllotaxis spirodistichous; Inflorescence stamen fused stamens... Arisaema bottae

128(127).

Inflorescence limb plain/longitudinally striped; inflorescence appendage extremity is knobbly/dentate ... Arisaema flavum subsp. flavum Inflorescence limb spotted; inflorescence appendage extremity is even... Arisaema flavum subsp. abbreviatum

129(1).

Leaflets 3 at most ... 130 Leaflets 5 at most... Arisaema triphyllum subsp. pusillum Leaflets more than 5... 131

130(129).

Inflorescence tube outer surface smooth ... Arisaema triphyllum Inflorescence tube outer surface ridged... Arisaema triphyllum subsp. stewardsonii

131(129).

Shoot size of the petiole or longer; inflorescence appendage bears neuters or bristles; plant inflorescence emerges with the foliage; leaflets central leaflet shorter than ... Arisaema dracontium Shoot inconspicuous to much shorter than petiole; inflorescence appendage glabrous; plant inflorescence emerges well before the foliage; leaflets central leaflet as long as or longer than... Arisaema macrospathum

132(1).

Tuber phyllotaxis quincuncial ... 133 Tuber phyllotaxis spirodistichous... 136

133(132).

Plant penducle shorter than ... 134 Plant penducle nearly the size of... Arisaema tortuosum Plant penducle longer than... 135

134(133).

Shoot leaf pedate ... Arisaema sahyadricum Shoot leaf radiate... Arisaema muricaudatum

135(133).

Shoot size of the petiole or longer; shoot more than 1 leave; shoot leaf pedate; inflorescence appendage glabrous ... Arisaema jethompsonii Shoot inconspicuous to much shorter than petiole; shoot 1 leaf at most; shoot leaf radiate; inflorescence appendage bears neuters or bristles... Arisaema murrayi

136(132).

Inflorescence limb slightly broader than tube ... 137 Inflorescence limb expanded, sometimes with conspicuous flaps... 140

137(136).

Inflorescence limb fornicate or galeate ... 138 Inflorescence limb not fornicate or galeate... 139

138(137).

Inflorescence appendage extremity is even ... Arisaema translucens Inflorescence appendage extremity is knobbly/dentate... Arisaema psittacus

139(137).

Shoot size of the petiole or longer; leaflets not terminated; leaflets central leaflet petiolulate; leaflets lateral leaflets all petiolulate ... Arisaema barnesii Shoot inconspicuous to much shorter than petiole; leaflets terminated; leaflets central leaflet (sub)sessile; leaflets lateral leaflets sometimes (sub)sessile... Arisaema tuberculatum

140(136).

Shoot size of the petiole or longer; inflorescence limb not fornicate or galeate ... 141 Shoot inconspicuous to much shorter than petiole; inflorescence limb fornicate or galeate... 142

141(140).

Inflorescence limb ends in filiform head; inflorescence spadix included in or slightly exserted from tube; inflorescence appendage extremity is even ... Arisaema leschenaultii Inflorescence limb does not end in filiform head; inflorescence spadix protruding but not exceeding spathe; inflorescence appendage extremity is knobbly/dentate... Arisaema nilamburense

142(140).

Inflorescence tube mouth-margins straight or slightly recurved; inflorescence appendage extremity is even; inflorescence appendage subulate ... Arisaema sarracenioides Inflorescence tube mouth-margins widely recurved or auriculate; inflorescence appendage extremity is knobbly/dentate; inflorescence appendage apically clavate or cylindric... Arisaema agasthyanum

Cite this publication as: Guy & Liliane Gusman, Eric Gouda, Pim Bongaerts & Joost van Gijn (2005). Key to Arisaema species of the world [available from https://arisaema-l.nl].

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Last modified: October 2005 by E.J.Gouda